Major General Benjamin Grierson in the Civil War

Significant General Benjamin Grierson in the Civil War Benjamin Grierson - Early Life Career: Brought into the world July 8, 1826 in Pittsburgh, PA, Benjamin Grierson was the most youthful offspring of Robert and Mary Grierson. Moving to Youngstown, OH at a youthful age, Grierson was instructed locally. At eight years old, he was gravely harmed when he was kicked by a pony. This occurrence scarred the little youngster and left him terrified of riding. A skilled performer, Grierson started driving a nearby band at age thirteen and later sought after a profession as a music instructor. Voyaging west, he discovered work as an instructor and band pioneer in Jacksonville, IL during the mid 1850s. Making a home for himself, he wedded Alice Kirk on September 24, 1854. The next year, Grierson turned into an accomplice in a commercial business in close by Meredosia and later got associated with Republican legislative issues. Benjamin Grierson - The Civil War Begins: By 1861, Griersons business was bombing as the country plunged into the Civil War. With the flare-up of threats, he joined the Union Army as a helper to Brigadier General Benjamin Prentiss. Elevated to major on October 24, 1861, Grierson conquered his dread of ponies and joined the sixth Illinois Cavalry. Presenting with the regiment through the winter and into 1862, he was elevated to colonel on April 13. Some portion of the Union development into Tennessee, Grierson drove his regiment on various assaults against Confederate railways and military offices while likewise exploring for the military. Showing expertise in the field, he was raised to order a mounted force unit in Major General Ulysses S. Awards Army of the Tennessee in November. Moving into Mississippi, Grant tried to catch the Confederate fortress of Vicksburg. Holding onto the town was an indispensable advance towards making sure about the Mississippi River for the Union and cutting the Confederacy in two. In November and December, Grant started progressing along the Mississippi Central Railroad toward Vicksburg. This exertion was stopped when Confederate mounted force under Major General Earl Van Dorn assaulted his principle gracefully station at Holly Springs, MS. As the Confederate rangers pulled back, Griersons detachment was among the powers that mounted an ineffective interest. In the spring of 1863, Grant started arranging another crusade which would see his powers descend the waterway and cross beneath Vicksburg related to endeavors by Rear Admiral David D. Doormen gunboats. Benjamin Grierson - Griersons Raid: To help this exertion, Grant requested Grierson to take a power of 1,700 men and strike through focal Mississippi. The objective of the strike was to secure adversary powers while additionally hampering the Confederates capacity to strengthen Vicksburg by annihilating railways and extensions. Leaving La Grange, TN on April 17, Griersons order incorporated the sixth and seventh Illinois as wells as second Iowa Cavalry regiments. Intersection the Tallahatchie River the following day, the Union soldiers suffering substantial rains however met little obstruction. Anxious to keep up a quick pace, Grierson sent 175 of his slowest, least successful men back to La Grange on April 20. Learning of the Union bandits, the administrator at Vicksburg, Lieutenant General John C. Pemberton, requested nearby mounted force powers to block them and guided piece of his order to monitor the railways. Throughout the following a few days, Grierson utilized an assortment of tricks to lose his followers as his men started upsetting the railways of focal Mississippi. Assaulting Confederate establishments and severing ties and moving stock, Griersons men made devastation and kept the adversary cockeyed. Over and again skirmishing with the foe, Grierson drove his men south towards Baton Rouge, LA. Showing up on May 2, his assault had been a shocking achievement and saw his order just lose three slaughtered, seven injured, and nine missing. All the more significantly, Griersons endeavors viably occupied Pembertons consideration while Grant descended the west bank of the Mississippi. Intersection the waterway on April 29-30, he set out on a crusade that prompted Vicksburgs catch on July 4. Benjamin Grierson - Later War: In the wake of recouping from the attack, Grierson was elevated to brigadier general and requested to join Major General Nathaniel Banks XIX Corps at the Siege of Port Hudson. Provided order of the corps rangers, he over and over skirmished with Confederate powers drove by Colonel John Logan. The city at long last tumbled to Banks on July 9. Coming back to activity the accompanying spring, Grierson drove a mounted force division during Major General William T. Shermans fruitless Meridian Campaign. That June, his division was a piece of Brigadier General Samuel Sturgis order when it was steered by Major General Nathan Bedford Forrest at the Battle of Brices Crossroads. Following the annihilation, Grierson was coordinated to assume responsibility for Union mounted force in the District of West Tennessee. In this job, he partook in the Battle of Tupelo with Major General Andrew J. Smiths XVI Corps. Drawing in Forrest on July 14-15, Union soldiers caused a thrashing on the challenging Confederate administrator. On December 21, Grierson drove an attacking power of two rangers units out against the Mobile Ohio Railroad. Assaulting a got off piece of Forrests order at Verona, MS on December 25, he prevailing with regards to taking countless detainees. After three days, Grierson caught another 500 men when he assaulted a train close to Egypt Station, MS. Returning on January 5, 1865, Grierson got a brevet advancement to significant general. Later that spring, Grierson joined Major General Edward Canby for the battle against Mobile, AL which fell on April 12. Benjamin Grierson - Later Career: With the finish of the Civil War, Grierson chose to stay in the US Army. In spite of the fact that punished for not being a West Point graduate, he was acknowledged into the normal assistance with the position of colonel in acknowledgment for his wartime accomplishments. In 1866, Grierson composed the new tenth Cavalry Regiment. Made out of African-American troopers with white officials, the tenth was one of the first Buffalo Soldier regiments. A firm devotee to his mens battling capacity, Grierson was shunned by numerous different officials who questioned the African Americans abilities as fighters. In the wake of instructing Forts Riley and Gibson somewhere in the range of 1867 and 1869, he chose the site for Fort Sill. Directing the new posts development, Grierson drove the army from 1869 to 1872. During his residency at Fort Sill, Griersons backing of the harmony strategy on the Kiowa-Comanche Reservation irritated numerous pilgrims on the boondocks. Throughout the following quite a long while, he regulated different posts along the western outskirts and over and over skirmished with assaulting Native Americans. During the 1880s, Grierson instructed the Departments of Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. As before, he was generally thoughtful to the predicament of Native Americans living on the reservations. On April 5, 1890, Grierson was elevated to brigadier general. Resigning that July, he split his time between Jacksonville, IL and a farm close to Fort Concho, TX. Enduring an extreme stroke in 1907, Grierson clung to life until at last kicking the bucket at Omena, MI on August 31, 1911. His remaining parts were later covered in Jacksonville. Chosen Sources HistoryNet: The Grierson RaidTSHA: Benjamin H. Grierson Hard Party: Benjamin Grierson

Muted Group Theory free essay sample

Websters Dictionary characterizes correspondence a procedure by which data is traded between people through a typical arrangement of images, signs, or conduct. Our reading material Introducing Communication Theory says that correspondence relies upon our capacity to comprehend each other (West, Turner 2010). Both of these definitions are right, anyway they can be broke down as direct inverses. The definition I will use for this paper will be the definition that centers around the capacity to see one another. This definition is fundamental to understanding the Muted Group Theory. Cheris Kramarae built up the Muted Group Theory, and as she created it she said womens musings and words were downgraded in the public eye making them be a quieted gathering. The Muted gathering Theory is significant on the grounds that it is worried about force and how it is utilized against individuals. This hypothesis isolates power among people, and puts together its establishment with respect to language being socially bound (Ardner 1975). We will compose a custom paper test on Quieted Group Theory or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page It clarifies how and why certain gatherings in the public eye are quieted and not heard. Ladies are believed to be assembled uniquely in contrast to lagers, and these distinctions cause ladies to act uniquely in contrast to their male partners. These distinctions are the motivation behind why ladies (and minorities) are viewed as quieted bunches since they are viewed as lower in status than the predominant gatherings (Griffin, 1996). Quieted Group Theory depends on 3 presumptions. The primary presumption states man and ladies see the world distinctively dependent on their past encounters and exercises established in the division of work. The subsequent suspicion states since men will in general have political strength, mens arrangement of observation is ominant, obstructing the free articulation of womens elective models of the world. The third supposition states so as to take part in the public arena, ladies must change their own models as far as the got male arrangement of articulation (West, Turner 2010). Correspondence scholar attempted to think of speculations about how ladies impart. The main theory was that ladies make some harder memories imparting than men. Second, ladies comprehend what men mean more than men comprehend what ladies mean. Third, Women speak with one another sing media not acknowledged by the prevailing male communicator. Forward, Women are less happy with correspondence than men. Fifth, Women are not liable to make new words, yet now and again do as such to make implications extraordinary and novel to ladies (Kramarae 1981). Quieting of a specific gathering can be applied and seen to numerous social gatherings (Orbe 1995). In the article African American correspondence look into: Toward a more profound comprehension of interethnic correspondence, it is expressed that exploration performed by the prevailing white European culture has made a perspective on African- American correspondence, how they are quieted with regards to being ruled by the white European culture (Orbe 1995). Taking everything into account, The Muted Group Theory causes us comprehend the prevailing gatherings in our general public. It likewise gives us a more prominent comprehension about the concealment of the less ground-breaking gatherings. We figure out how various people gain their voice, in view of where their societal position as well as sexual orientation.

I am home. Small thanks to the Airlines.

I am home. Small thanks to the Airlines. My first reaction to the ridiculously ridiculous airline adventure I just had was to write something along these lines and send it to the CEO of my airline, or as high up as possible. My Good Sir, Have you ever ridden on an airplane? During the Holiday Season? Without your Super-Sparkly-Platinum members benefits? Incognito, so that your employees dont know that they need to behave around you? Might I make a small suggestion? DO. Then go back to your interviews and repeat, We need to take excellent care of our customer, and MEAN it this time. I could tell you a story about a traveler who arrived at the wrong airport after a trip four times longer than the one purchased. Or they could. To paraphrase: Well arrive in time for your delayed connection. Though you sprinted through the airport and made the connection, we decided to give your seat away Oops, I miscounted, you could have been on that one. You definitely have a seat on the next flight. The next flight has been canceled. Since before you spoke with the last agent. There is no hope for you. Oh, you can standby on another airline. Let me transfer that ticket. What? They say we havent transferred the ticket? Well, thats because we arent allowed to. No, its not possible. I dont care if they say it needs to be done. I dont care if the other employee told you she did it. You have issues with communication. Huh. Yeah, sometimes transferring tickets gets messed up when they do it at the airport. Let me put you on a flight to another city. Were leaving at 8. 9. 9:40. 10. 10: 30. 10:50. 11:30. Well get you out sometime, we swear. Unless the pilots hours roll over before they get here. Then they need to rest. Have you noticed that this ALWAYS happens? At least seen it in the movies? Random guess: This will happen to masses of people next year, too. Im sick of airlines who tell me I am not communicating correctly when they wont share gate information with the the next terminal. When each employee I speak to contradicts the previous one. Im sick of being offered a limited-offer discounted hotel room when this whole mess is your fault. (And dont blame the weather. You chose your hub. An idiot could have told you it has lousy weather EVERY year exactly when everyone wants to get home.) Im sick of limited blanket and cot supplies and nearly nonexistent power outlets. Im walking home next year. Yours sincerely, Kimberly F. Dietz Except it was originally going to be longer and angrier. And delivered by a hit man. A hit man who smelling like rotting fish, adding that extra epsilon of unpleasantness to the situation. But of course I calmed down eventually, and I do realize the futility of this approach. So I started trying to think constructively. Ideas For Improved Holiday Travel On Airlines I was delayed for several hours because the crew assigned to my plane was stranded elsewhere, and there was no one to fly it, though it sat at the gate gathering ice. I see that your retired pilots club has over 900 dues-paying members. While many of them have surely let their pilots licenses lapse, I cant believe they all have, if only because some must have retired recently. Hire them on again for the holidays! Pay them handsomely to be on call at busy airports. Or just teach your customers to fly while theyre sitting there bored for hours on end, year after year. (Kidding.) You know how you have those little oxygen masks that pop down from the ceiling in case of an emergency? And have maybe been used once? Something less life-threatening but faaaar more common than losing cabin pressure is having a flight delayed indefinitely. Even in the rare event that the airline is giving out blankets, many people dont dare go seek them out, lest they miss their flight if/when it comes. I suggest adapting the existing technology to this situation. Imagine the commercial featuring the announcement! It begins with a shot of passengers sitting at the gate. In the event of a change in boarding time, the comfort compartment above your seat will open automatically. Ceiling panels slide back and blankets, pillows, snacks and games pop down on the ends of bungee cords, bouncing around as they dangle just above the passengers heads. Assist others in need of assistance before getting too comfortable yourself. Cut to a shot of a parent carefully helping a kid open the plastic wrap on their new coloring book, then grabbing a pillow, blanket, and novel from the dangling cords, snuggling into their seat, and reading. Name of Airline: Handling Every Emergency. Keep your Arrival and Departure monitors up to date, for obvious reasons. Make the process by which you update those monitors more transparent. Today a fellow passenger said to me, You know, Ive always wondered about what goes on in the little room [where someone must be predicting when the flight might leave]. Use all those idle people waiting to board planes. For instance: let them update a (probably separate) board with information they know about delays and their reasons, weather in various areas of the country, etc. Give them a small percentage off of their next flight ticket if they contribute, with a promised punishment if the information they contribute turns out to be incorrect. Id enroll in this program immediately. Organize the inter-airline tug-of-war competition between terminals. Or a poetry jam. Or a chess tournament. Make SURE your employees are competent. Dont tolerate employees who goof off with each other while long lines wait, who give incorrect information, who dont know how to transfer tickets. Open lines of communication with other airlines. Arrange to share gate information. Arrange to trade off, covering for each other in areas where one has stronger coverage than the other. Remember Miracle on 34th Street ? Everyone loved Macys after they started keeping track of their competitors toys too and sending them to whatever store had what the customer really wanted. Emulate them. Of course, this sort of suggestion list is also quite likely to go unnoticed. Then, I had one final idea. So, last week a Facebook friend asked me to up-rate his suggestion on Change.orgs Ideas For Change In America Site. The idea is that every throws in their ideas, then they consider each others and vote on them, and the top 10 are given to the Obama team on Inauguration Day. We could do something like this. If everyone else who had a bad travel experience puts in their ideas and also comments on which others they think are good, Ill type up a few of them and forward them to airline CEOs (or whoever the correct contact person is.) And they likely still wont listen. But heres to trying with a spirit of Audacious Hope. p.s. To those of you still out there: Good Luck!!

Jamie Ford Author Biography

Jamie Ford, born James Ford (July 9, 1968), is an American author who gained notoriety with his debut novel, Hotel on the Corner of Bitter and Sweet. He is ethnically half Chinese, and his first two books focused on the Chinese-American experience and the city of Seattle. Early Life and Family Ford grew up in Seattle, Washington. Although he no longer lives in Seattle, the city has played an important role in both Fords books.  Ford graduated from the Art Institute of Seattle in 1988 and worked as an art director and as a creative director in advertising. Fords great-grandfather immigrated from Kaiping, China in 1865. His name was Min Chung, but he changed it to William Ford when he was working in Tonopah, Nevada. His great-grandmother, Loy Lee Ford was the first Chinese woman to own property in Nevada. Fords grandfather, George William Ford, changed his name back to George Chung in order to gain more success as an ethnic actor in Hollywood. In Fords second novel, he explores Asians in Hollywood in the early twentieth century, around the time his grandfather was pursuing acting. Ford has been married to Leesha Ford since 2008 and has a blended family with nine children. They live in Montana. Books by Jamie Ford 2009 Hotel on the Corner of Bitter and Sweet: Fords debut novel is historical fiction that moves between Seattle during World War II and the present day. It is a love story about two 12-year-old friends, a Chinese boy, and a Japanese girl, that delves into the ethnic tensions of the time and Japanese internment. The story also features the Seattle jazz scene and examines parent-child relationships. The accolades it received include New York Times Bestseller, IndieBound NEXT List Selection,  Borders Original Voices Selection,  Barnes Noble Book Club Selection, National Bestseller, and #1 Book Club Pick for Fall 2009/Winter 2010 by the American Booksellers Association.2013 Songs of Willow Frost:  Fords second novel is also a work of historical fiction that deals with the Chinese-American experience in Seattle. Songs of Willow Frost takes place during the Great Depression and starts with the story of an orphan who sees a Chinese-American actress on screen who he believes is his m other. He runs away to try to track her down. The rest of the novel shifts between his perspective in 1934 and his mothers perspective and story in the 1920s. It is a story of family, hardship and a specific time and place in American history. Ford on the Web Jamie Ford keeps an active blog where he writes about books and some of his personal adventures such as a family mission trip to Africa, mountain climbing, and his library adventures. He is also active on Facebook. One interesting note is that he said his first novel has attracted much interest in being made into a Hollywood movie, but because it wouldnt star a white male actor, it is unlikely to get made.

Why Did the South Lose the Civil War Essay - 682 Words

Why did the South Lose the Civil War? Beginning as a battle of army versus army, the war became a conflict of society against society. In this kind of war, the ability to mobilize economic resources, the effectiveness of political leadership, and a society’s willingness to keep up the fight despite setbacks, are as crucial to the outcome as success or failure on the battlefields. Unfortunately for the Southern planters, by the spring of 1865, the South was exhausted, and on April 9, Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House, effectively ending the war. Economically, the war was a benefit for the North and a disaster for the South. The North began the war with several advantages. The North held a distinct lead in nearly every†¦show more content†¦This was ironic, because a strong central government was what the South needed, but what Abraham Lincoln had in the North. Abraham Lincoln also offered a better explanation to his own people of what they were fighting for. He displayed this leadership through his progressive steps towards emancipation, one early example being the contrabands of war. The army and congress determined that they would not return escaped slaves who went to Union lines and classified them as contraband. They used many as laborers to support Union efforts and soon began to pay them wages. This would seem exceedingly important as the war turned into one against slavery. Despite the lack of economic and political power, the South was also at a loss of collective will. Certainly the course of the war, the military events, had a lot to do with the loss of will. The Southerners hoped that they would win spectacular victories on Northern soil, and that they would be able to exhaust the will of the Northern people, and they failed to do so. The battle of Gettysburg with the largest number of casualties is often described as the war’s turning point. The Union defeated attacks lead by Confederate General Robert E. Lee, ending Lees invasion of the North. With regard to military turning points, the outcome of the war also became inevitable in November 1864 with the reelection of Lincoln and the utter determination to see the things through, and the finding of leader U.S. Grant, the man toShow MoreRelatedWhy Did the South Lose the Civil War Essay1822 Words   |  8 PagesA frequently, and sometimes hotly, discussed subject; the outcome of the American Civil War has fascinated historians for generations. Some argue that the Norths economic advantages proved too much for the South, others that Southern strategy was faulty, offensive when it should have been defensive, and vice-versa. Internal division in the South is often referred to, and complaints made against Davis somewhat makeshift, inexperienced, government. Doubts are sometimes raised over the commitmentRead MoreEssay about Did the North Win the Civil War before it Began?1099 Words   |  5 PagesDid the North Win the Civil War before it Began?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I agree with the idea that the North had won the Civil War before it began to the extent of Lincoln’s conservative political stands. Trying to receive the favor of the South while winning in the North would require Lincoln to take neutral stands in heated political issues like slavery. It wasn’t really wan by the North until he broke away from these stands to enact the Emancipation Proclamation and turn the tides of war in favor of the NorthRead MoreTo What Extent Do You Agree or Disagree with the Idea That the North H1086 Words   |  5 PagesI agree with the idea that the North had won the Civil War before it began to the extent of Lincoln s conservative political stands. Trying to receive the favor of the South while winning in the North would require Lincoln to take neutral stands in heated political issues like slavery. It wasn t really wan by the North until he broke away from these stands to enact the Emancipation Proclamation and turn the tides of war in favor of the North. This Lincoln always publicly condemned the abolitionistsRead MoreWhy Did The North Win The Civil War?1730 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Why did the North win the Civil War?† is only half of a question by itself, for the other half is â€Å"Why did the South lose the Civil War?† To this day historians have tried to put their finger on the exact reason for the South losing the war. Some historians blame the head of the confederacy Jefferson Davis; however others believe that it was the shear numbers of the Union (North). The advantages and disadvantages are abundant on either sides of the argument, but the most dominate arguments on whyRead MoreThe North s Technological Advances939 Words   |  4 PagesThe North’s Technological Advances The Civil War was a time of one country divided among itself because of the freedoms of slaves. When Abe Lincoln was first elected that was the South’s turning point but the attack on Fort Wagner was the beginning battle to a war between States. One result of the Civil War was that Congress put into action the 13th amendment, banning slavery. The North were fighting for the freedom of slaves while on the other hand the South opposed this and fought to keep slaveryRead MoreSlavery Issues Of Slavery Between North And South848 Words   |  4 PagesIssues The issues of slavery between North and South was indirectly the cause of the beginning of civil war. Since the North changed their minds about the black population, they had a difficult time with the South, with they believe that Africans had to serve white people. So the problem between the North and South wasn’t something new, it was happening since the government was trying to prevent spread out of the slavery across America, as a result, South started to create, manipulate, and change theRead MoreEssay on Why The North Won the Civil War1518 Words   |  7 PagesIf wars are won by riches, there can be no question why the North eventually prevailed. The North was better equipped than the South, with the resources necessary to be successful in a long term war like the Civil War was, which was fought from 1861 Ââ€" 1865. Prior, and during the Civil war, the Norths economy was always stronger than the Souths, boasting of resources that the Confederacy had no means of attai ning. Compared to the South, The North had more factories available for production ofRead MoreWhat Caused The Union Of Lose The Civil War?1139 Words   |  5 PagesCaused the Union to Lose the Civil War? By Amelia E. Hicks On April 10, 1865, General Ulysses S. Grant surrendered to General Robert E. Lee of Confederate forces and delivered a farewell address to his Union soldiers, â€Å"After four years of tiring service, marked by supreme courage and commitment,† said Grant, â€Å"the Union Army has been forced to concede to overwhelming numbers and resources.† According to Grant, the Union lost the Civil War, more commonly referred to in its time as the â€Å"War of Northern AggressionRead MoreAnalysis Of James Mcpherson s What They Fought For 1861-1865 933 Words   |  4 PagesJames McPherson the author of What They Fought For 1861-1865, thesis states that the soldiers from both the North and South fought for a large extent for ideology, and not exclusively as brothers in war with other soldiers, for principles of strength or courage, and for the nations of honor and duty. McPherson uses hundreds of letters and diaries from soldiers from both the Union and Confederate troops to show t heir experience. He tries to focus on a variety of attitudes and motives from the volunteerRead MoreSilent Sam, By Julia Craven908 Words   |  4 PagesUniversity of North Carolina’s campus built to honor students who left school and fought in the Civil War. The Civil War was a war between the northern and southern states fought over slavery. Many students now think that the statue is offensive because the people that it honors fought for the South and supported slavery. Silent Sam was erected in 1913 for 321 UNC students who fought in the Civil War. It’s called Silent Sam because he has no ammunition so he’s quiet and then just Sam. The university

Heroin Addiction Methadone Maintenance Free Essays

Liberty University Disintermediation, aka: heroin, smack, horse, black tar, china white, and H, the slang names are as numerous as the places you can score this highly addictive narcotic. Heroin, a derivative of morphine, via opium, which comes from the resin of the Paper cuneiform plant has been in use for nearly 3500 years (Dowdies,2012, p. 137). We will write a custom essay sample on Heroin Addiction Methadone Maintenance or any similar topic only for you Order Now To understand the fascination, addiction, and potential therapies of heroin, we must first understand its history. Before man knew anything about chemicals and rugs, they knew about the land the animals and plants that were used in relieving various ailments. Prehistoric man noticed that if they ingested the resin from the opium poppy there was pain relief. In the late sass’s, a German merchant named Frederica Brayer invested in scientific research and with the help of a young German pharmacist call Frederica Serener purified the main active ingredient of opium (Dowdies, 2012). Serener named his new drug â€Å"morphine† after the Greek god of dreams â€Å"Morpheme†, which later would be renamed morphine. Heimlich Dresser joined Brayer in his hunger for producing chemical based medications, and ended up evildoing two of the most famous drugs in the world today. By adding two acetylene groups to the morphine molecule, they developed the drug the coined â€Å"Heroin†, and a year later, they developed a natural drug of salicylic acid, which they named â€Å"Aspirin. † Brayer would go on to bottle and distribute a pre-war version named â€Å"Heroin†, named after the common word â€Å"heroic† meaning heroic- known to German doctors to mean â€Å"power! The bottle labeled simply â€Å"Heroin† was available to the public, containing 5 grams of heroin substance and indications included alleviation of pain o the suffering. By the early sass’s, an article entitled ‘The Heroin Habit Another Curse’ was published in the Alabama Medical Journal, drawing attention to the severe withdraw symptoms of those using heroin, but this would not stop ot her physicians from abandoning the highly effective drug. Another physician C. D. Track), went on to write that â€Å"l feel that bringing charges against heroin is almost like questioning the fidelity off good friend. I have used it with good results† (History Today,Heroin: A Hundred-Year Habit). There was such a success in the reduction of pain in the offering community that even physicians were reluctant to give up such a successful drug. It seemed that there was evidence that morphine had a huge potential for addiction; so in response they had suggested heroin in its place. Ironically, this would be one of the medical community biggest mistakes. The United States became one of the first to notice the serious problem of addiction as other countries had already enacted controls of dangerous drugs. The U. S. Constitution however, allowed this to be monitored on a state-by-state level, making each state responsible for the regulation of the drug. This would lead many states to putting the restrictions upon the people and giving the physicians the decision to prescribe it as necessary, leading to what would be a â€Å"black market† for the highly wanted drug. Even with the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906, that demanded all drugs be labeled with the contents of their products, there was opium, cocaine, or even cannabis (U. S. Dept. Of Health and Human Services). This new addition of the labeling seemed to carry some weight, as many people began to worry about addiction; not before however there was an estimated quarter of a million Americans suffering from it. Jump ahead into the twenty-first century and the statistics may have changed somewhat, but not drastically. What has been a significant factor is the crime rate increase in order for those addicted to stay â€Å"well. † Communities faced with how to treat the opiate addicted; beyond the obvious by placing them in Jail or prison. The behavior of crime may be rehabilitated, but not the addiction itself, which for most was the only driving factor. It’s a vicious cycle, and for most the frustration is bigger than their habits. Some countries, such as the United Kingdom do have physicians who will prescribe iron (although rare) for the addict unable to reap the benefits of methadone maintenance, or the terminally ill suffering extreme pain. Specialized â€Å"injecting centers† are available to addicts trying to dodge the street heroin complexity, in countries such as Switzerland, Germany, Holland, Australia and even Canada. There are still very strict laws enforced with the purchasing or smuggling of heroin in these countries, thus rigid program regulations must be followed. Methadone maintenance treatment (MAT) remains the preferred form of treating opiate addiction, and â€Å"has demonstrated strong efficacy in the outpatient treatment of opiate dependence (Hetman et al, 2009). For those familiar with MAT, usually those who suffer from opiate dependence, healthcare professionals, and the rehabilitation community, there are mixed feelings. The term MAT can be misunderstood, â€Å"perhaps micrometeorites when called a treatment for opiate (narcotic-analgesic) addiction, is simply systematic dispensation of a synthetic Podia† (Meyers Salt, 2013) that curbs the withdrawal symptoms. For many, these programs have allowed the addicted to return to social stability, stop criminal activities, and enter back into he workforce or educational world. The HIVE/AIDS community has really shown significant advantages to the MAT programs, thus reducing the number of DID (intravenous drug users) contracting the virus via hypodermic needles and tainted â€Å"works. † MAT has shown to be effective because of its ease of administration of the synthetic Podia, which is generally liquid and taken once per day at a highly regulated center. The runny nose, chills, stomach cramps, nausea and vomiting, skin crawling that many heroin users suffer from while trying to â€Å"kick it† are absent when taking methadone. The program doses the client with a leveled amount of methadone, allowing the patient to attend to â€Å"normal activities† such as driving, studying, working, without the worries of sickness. These programs generally have very strict rules and are governed by the government, specifically the Drug Enforcement Agency. Psychotherapy along with MAT is the choice of most clinics, and people generally feel strongly one way or the other about such programs. In a 2013 research project, the behaviors concerning MAT were becoming more positive, as the research becomes more readily available to the general public. For the U. S. And other countries, MAT has remained â€Å"controversial for a long period of time† (You, L. , et al.. ). For many years, public viewed MAT as simply a trade out for the heroin user, and thus did not change their addictive behaviors, only their cravings. A combination of counseling and psycho-pharmaceutical support to methadone detoxification is most effective† (Milky, 1988 – via Myers Salt, 2013), although many chronic long term heroin users may be in such a program on a maintenance level of treatment, Just as a diabetic takes his insulin, thus the heroin addict take his methadone. This is where many critics of MAT occupy its strongest argument. MAT has been c alled the â€Å"outcast stepsister in the addictions field† (Myers Salt, 2013); with MM clients being stigmatize by everyone from peers to the entire healthcare system, even the addictions field itself. Today’s communities seem to be changing, as a current 2013 Brown University research report indicates; â€Å"The choice of treatment has to be individualized to their risk factors and the overall conditions as they enter the MAT† (Psychopathology Update, 2013). For many heroin addicts, the addiction is the beginning of a long line of difficulties, thus the program often elapse with a great deal more than dosing and addiction counseling. Many addiction counselors find themselves being solicitors of social services such as housing, food stamps, medical care, and often many doors remain closed to the addict using MAT. Again, it is a misrepresentation of program that is making changes in the lives of those suffering from addiction, no matter the path leading to it. The percentage of â€Å"no use† clients within the MAT program show a 48% recovery rate during the first 90 days, however relapse commonly takes place within the first six months of treatment (Dept. Of Addictive Behavioral Medicine-Europe). This is considered a â€Å"bump in the road†, as relapse is part of the healing process when talking addictions. Despite the effectiveness and widespread use of MAT, and the demonstrated benefit of combining MAT with other more intensive forms of treatment, integration remains a controversial topic† (Hetman, et al, 2009). Many traditional treatment centers such as those who utilize the 12 Step philosophies, assert that MAT is incompatible with recovery and the abstinence-based treatment models, thus creating a division among them. This kind of thinking is yet another pitfall that c arries the heroin addict seeking MAT, into â€Å"secretive mode. In conclusion, heroin addiction and the steps it takes to reach recovery, is anything but uncomplicated. Heroin has the stigma of being the drug that carries names like â€Å"Junkie† and â€Å"channel swimmer† referring to the needle users of heroin, and the works of â€Å"chasing the dragon†, â€Å"kicking’ it†, or â€Å"having a monkey on my back†. For years, it was considered the poor man’s drug, and today, it’s the middle class women and youth that favor its warm, soothing effects. No matter the hundreds of names it’s called from china white, to black tar, it’s a universal problem with America being one of its number one customers, consuming over 60% f the heroin hitting the streets worldwide (Meyers Salt, 2013). How to cite Heroin Addiction Methadone Maintenance, Papers

Innovation and Entrepreneurship to Enhance MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theInnovation and Entrepreneurship to Enhance Business Practices. Answer: Innovation Innovation is the process of translating invention or idea into a process, good or service that creates value for customers, government or organizations (Baregheh et al., 2009). Innovation also involve implementation of new or significantly improved product that creates value to the society. The idea must therefore satisfy a specific need in order to be regarded as innovative. The customers change in taste and preferences requires organization to generate new ideas that can be applied to processes, products and services to satisfy the needs and expectations of the customers. The innovation is prerequisite for business organization to create revolutionary products that create new markets (Archibugi Iammarino, 2002). The scientific knowledge generated through experimentation studies has contributed immensely to creation of many things that has not previously been in existence. With this regard, organization need to allocate resources for research to stimulate innovation that increases competitive advantage. The IT industries producing electrical like phones, tablets, laptops and desktop computers are being innovative by incorporating new features to their products to create niche and increasing purchasing power for its customers. This is seen in several new phone and computer models released into the market every day (Bhuie et al., 2004). The transport industry has huge potential of employing innovation to create market for its services. Innovations are evolutionary in the sense that it finds ways of making improvements to existing goods and services. There are huge benefits to organization engaging in creativity and innovation, in that it is able to improve employee performance, foster companys image and apply new technology in business to minimize cost and increase production efficiency. Innovation is also important for organization to differentiate its products from those of competitors. This is because the clients and customers are keen on products with distinctive and valuable features (Kristensson et al., 2008). The innovation by employees can be achieved through motivation. Innovation and Entrepreneurship The population is growing rapidly in many parts of the world necessitating creation of jobs to provide employment opportunities for young population. The entrepreneurs need to be innovative to solve problems associated with rapid population such waste management, provision of better healthcare, increase food security, high-quality education and clean energy and improve transport and communication. Entrepreneurship simply refers to taking risk in business venture to make profit (Koellinger, Minniti Schade, 2007). Creativity is the heart of enterprise to create value to the society through provision of goods and services while accumulating wealth (Fillis Rentschler, 2010). The developed countries can attribute their economic development to innovative entrepreneurial approach to business. This is due to shift in focus of managers from quantity to quality and products to processes (Baron Tang, 2011). This is true for many industries across the world that have realized the need to incr ease customer satisfaction through laying foundation of their business in creativity and innovation. In the current century, innovation and entrepreneurship seems inseparable. Innovation is a necessity for all business organization irrespective of their sizes due to competition that has extended from local to global scale. Krishna and Swathi (2013) argued that Indian companies are able to compete successfully against international companies due to investment in research and development to improve performance. Trade liberalization led to abolishment of tariffs and quotas, reduced protection of local industries, minimization of government controls, increased foreign investments and increased competition. These factors have forced entrepreneurs to be creative and innovative in order to survive (Anderson et al., 2014). Creativity and innovation is vital for entrepreneur to deliver a mix of value by doing things differently. Furthermore, entrepreneurs creativity allows him to drive well in the market by changing process and goods to create demand. Entrepreneurs drive innovation and creat ivity to produce solutions to their business by developing alternative approaches (Berry et al., 2006). Innovation in Uber to Enhance Business Practice Leveraging on Technology The competitive advantage of Uber is attributed to its adoption of technology to cab transport. The company has developed smartphone app that allows customers to connect with nearby available drivers. The popularity of Uber app has risen significantly and it is being used in more than 58 countries worldwide. Many authors have reported that the current customers have changed their shopping behavior preferring online shops rather than physical stores (elik, 2011). Uber recognized market gap and develop mobile app that is easy to use since many customers do research of products and services online. Uber speed up thing by providing its drivers with app to check customers out and ease their mobility. The digital experience for millennials customers is proving useful for Uber to create its own niche by attracting the both old and young generation who spent more time mobile internet platforms. Dennis et al. (2010) mentioned that business stand to benefit on employing technology to win customers due to rising population that spend more time browsing and shopping online. Furthermore the increased information and technology has led to increased customers engaging on social media platforms and mobile applications enabling Uber to take advantage of this opportunity to build its brand by enhancing customer experience. The company is actively engaged in digital and social marketing to win customers on many social networking sites like Facebook, Twitter, Snapchat, Instagram and many more by increasing digital presence and gain competitive advantage (Cusumano, 2015). Flexibility as a Winning Strategy The Uber company allows flexible company for its employees particularly the drivers who choses when to work. Uber allows drivers to use their own vehicles and offers flexible work schedule in that Uber drivers can turn their availability off. Flexible working conditions has been reported to benefit both the employer and employee. Employees can work wherever they need to be that could include home, during commute or even in a caf. By using technology such as mobile internet, Uber drivers are able to connect with their customers without necessarily being in a given place waiting for customers or driving around looking for customers. As a result this innovative strategy has attracted many drivers to join Uber so as to save on fuel and time. The benefits the Uber has gained by allowing wok flexibility of its drivers include better customer service, increased drivers retention, more motivated workforce and having working hours that suit drivers and customers. Investing on Speed Uber has invested heavily in the growth of business to increase its business the bigger the company the stronger it is. Being able to cater for transport services that meet and surpass customer expectation before competitors realizes is a winning strategy for Uber. Uber is always fats in raising capital to secure more rider and acquire larger market share in order to increase its profitability. Speed is critical component of entrepreneurship as it enables business to be adaptive to changing external environment. Uber is always on the move researching customers needs and making improvements to change current processes to match market demands delivering what transport market want and growing the business (Sun Edara, 2015). Ubers speed to the market gives it competitive advantage when it comes to innovation, opportunity to dominate the market and a better reputation for being the leader in the industry rather than a follower. Uber is using speed in innovation to add new services to cab industry that maximizes customers value and experience. The company initially allowed payment using credit cards only, however, Uber acted swiftly to accept cash payment in many country with less credit cards like India. Furthermore, the company is pursuing an option to adopt self-driving cars to achieve competitive advantage in new market created by self-driven vehicles. Furthermore, Uber is forging ahead to increase its service delivery by having innovative partnership with other companies like Tarwood, UberRUSH, UberFRESH and Uber EATS (Levinson, 2015). Conclusion The most innovative way the Uber is using to gain competitive advantage is by leveraging on technology to cut cost and gain competitive advantage. The company has been able to grow its share market by lounging competitive products that match customers needs. Particularly the mobile technology is playing significant role in Uber business since the customer and drivers communicate through mobile app regardless of where they are. In this case, the drivers are able to respond quickly to customers call for a ride. It can be concluded that mobile-based technology has created new marketplace for Uber thus enhancing its performance. Investing in Human Capital The company is able to executive innovative ideas by tapping on skilled and talented workforce. Uber has poached experts from Google to help in enhancing its app in relation to mapping and geospatial solutions (Wingard, 2015). The talented workforce in Uber is aimed at enhancing service delivery to the customers though easy order, ensuring certainty of arrival for customers and easy payment. The organization is offering customers relatively lower prices as compared to the competitors as an innovative strategy to gain wide markets share. Uber is treating its drivers same was as customers so as to motivate them cultivate a higher-quality workforce that lead to increased customer satisfaction. The company is motivating its emloyees by offering competitive wage and commission packages that is higher than other competing taxi drivers. Another innovative strategy to save on cost and maximize profit is by allowing driver to use their own cars thus saving on cost associated capital expenditure on acquisition of new cars and expenses associated with car repair and insurance. The Ubers innovative business practices are aimed at boosting drivers satisfaction that translates to maximum customers experience. Recommendations However, there is need of Uber to improve their app in terms of ease to use, learnability and efficacy in order to win customer loyalty. Furthermore, there has been many issues related to drivers welfare in terms of social security and insurance policies. These issues must be addressed to prevent strike, negative publicity and disruption of service delivery to customer. References Anderson, N., Potocnik, K., Zhou, J. (2014). Innovation and creativity in organizations: A state-of-the-science review, prospective commentary, and guiding framework.Journal of Management,40(5), 1297-1333. Archibugi, D., Iammarino, S. (2002). The globalization of technological innovation: definition and evidence.Review of International Political Economy,9(1), 98-122. Baregheh, A., Rowley, J., Sambrook, S. (2009). Towards a multidisciplinary definition of innovation.Management decision,47(8), 1323-1339. Berry, L. L., Shankar, V., Parish, J. T., Cadwallader, S., Dotzel, T. (2006). Creating new markets through service innovation.MIT Sloan Management Review,47(2), 56. Bhuie, A. K., Ogunseitan, O. A., Saphores, J. D., Shapiro, A. A. (2004, May). Environmental and economic trade-offs in consumer electronic products recycling: a case study of cell phones and computers. InElectronics and the Environment, 2004. Conference Record. 2004 IEEE International Symposium on(pp. 74-79). IEEE. elik, H. (2011). Influence of social norms, perceived playfulness and online shopping anxiety on customers' adoption of online retail shopping: An empirical study in the Turkish context. International Journal of Retail Distribution Management, 39(6), 390-413. Cusumano, M. A. (2015). How traditional firms must compete in the sharing economy. Communications of the ACM, 58(1), 32-34. Dennis, C., Morgan, A., Wright, L. T., Jayawardhena, C. (2010). The influences of social e-shopping in enhancing young women's online shopping behaviour. Journal of Customer Behaviour, 9(2), 151-174. Fillis, I., Rentschler, R. (2010). The role of creativity in entrepreneurship.Journal of Enterprising Culture,18(01), 49-81. Koellinger, P., Minniti, M., Schade, C. (2007). I think I can, I think I can: Overconfidence and entrepreneurial behavior. Journal of economic psychology, 28(4), 502-527. Krishna, R. R.., Swathi, A. (2013). Role of creativity and innovation in entrepreneurship.Innovative Journal of Business and Management,2(5), 112-115. Kristensson, P., Matthing, J., Johansson, N. (2008). Key strategies for the successful involvement of customers in the co-creation of new technology-based services.International journal of service industry management,19(4), 474-491. Levinson, P. (2015). 3 reasons why Uber will win in the end. Retrieved on May 4, 2017 from Business Insider: https://www.businessinsider.com/why-uber-will-win-in-the-end-2015-10?IR=T. Sun, C., Edara, P. (2015). Is Getting an Uber-Lyft from a Sidecar Different from Hailing a Taxi? Current Dynamic Ridesharing Controversy. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, (2536), 60-66. Wingard, J. (2015). What Uber is getting right that other startups arent. Retrieved on May 4, 2017 from Fortune Insider: https://fortune.com/2015/09/19/uber-google-skills-gap/.

System Analysis and Design Proposal Essay Example

System Analysis and Design Proposal Essay The University of Southern Mindanao, Cabana, North Catboat is one of the leading institution that conducts regular faculty performance evaluation. This activity is done every semester wherein each student has to rate his teacher per subject, head of the academic office has to rate his subordinates, and faculty itself has to rate his own and his co-faculty. Teachers are one of the backbones of an institution. Their effort, skills and perseverance aid on molding the students to become successful in their desired field. Some people will conclude that if a student will excel in his field, ill graduate with flying colors and will successfully pass the nationwide or international exam, one factor that influences it is the teacher. Thus, some said that it is still depend on the students ability and determination. Teachers performances are sometimes criticized not only by the co-teachers, but by the students as well, because they are the direct contact of the teachers. However, those Judgments cannot be considered true without proper basis. We will write a custom essay sample on System Analysis and Design Proposal specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on System Analysis and Design Proposal specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on System Analysis and Design Proposal specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Thus, every academic institution nowadays conducted the faculty performance evaluation to assess the effectiveness of the teaching personnel. A manual teacher evaluation system is difficult and hard to automatically furnish accurate reports and results. The process takes a lot of time and it takes many days or months to compute for the result. The HARM officer and its staff which are the prime movers of this activity made a significant improvement in handling this type of problems. In this case, it will eliminate some of the most delay operation and difficult task, minimizing them in to smaller and manageable problems to solve. The HARM has greatly improved work efficiency, accuracy and management of operations. Teacher evaluation system defines a system to support high and technological automated evaluation system. It provides feedbacks and a support system that will encourage teachers to improve their knowledge and instructional skills in order to improve student learning. SCOPE The said entity is not as ambitious as it is. It will mainly focus on the teachers personal information, students objective feedback about the teachers performance and effectiveness and assessment. This activity is done every semester wherein each student has to rate their teacher itself has to rate his own and his co-faculty. The said activity also involves the following processes: manipulation of the gathered data, interpretation, evaluation and dissemination of the result to the faculties and instructors. ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT SYSTEM The manual process takes a lot of time and it takes many days or months to compute for the result. The student rater in this activity will be given sheets of paper and by the use of pen, selects one numerical scale that would serve as the grade of the rate per question. The HARM personnel will wait for the submission of all students in a retain classroom and will proceed to the next available students in a room. The scenario will be repeated to comply with the desired number of students raters. As to the head of academic office, he has to give to his subordinates the performance evaluation sheets for peer and for self. The said process shows how sluggish it was. The process is also prone to errors due to hectic schedules of the heads and faculty; they may neglect the forms that will cause the delay and misplaced or lost data that will lead to incorrect manipulation and miscommunication. PROBLEM CAUSE EFFECT ANALYSIS Problems Cause and Effect Time consumed on processing the evaluation The manual process on using a sheets of paper and by the use of pen cause a delay. Prone to errors Due to many numbers of evaluation sheets the tendency is miscommunication. Misplaced forms Due to sluggish process the tendency is some evaluation forms may be lost and misplaced. Delayed computation Due to hectic schedules of heads and faculty the result of computation may delay. System Objects System Constraint Lessen the time consumed on evaluation process The student will no longer using paper and pen, instead they will directly evaluate on the given automated evaluation system. Eradicate errors A user-friendly evaluation system will be implemented for the ease of students, heads, faculties and comfort ability of the system. File security Only the head of academic can access the files with a given surname and password. Generate comprehensive reports Reports are automatically generated from the system. Background Information Automated evaluation system is one big factor that helps not only students but also the HARM, teachers, and co-teachers to ease their waiting and sluggish period in arms of evaluation. Evaluation process with the use of pens and papers only is not an easy task for the HARM to handle. The scenario will be repeated as it goes. Manual evaluation system is a laborious task. It requires more time for processing and the mere fact that it is slow, affecting work efficiency; another thing would be its accuracy in processing while in the automated system, the officer in-charge will be the one to access the files using surnames and passwords. This process of manual results and reports. The researchers come up to an automated evaluation system. USER EXPECTATIONS OBJECTIVES This document aims to present a clearer description of the requirements and desires of the evaluation system. It shows the features, functionalities and flows and how the system will work. The proposed system will try to eliminate the delay operation and inconvenience of the old manual operation. It will try to lessen the time consumed in evaluation process wherein the HARM officers in charge will no longer wait for a long time for the submission of faculties and students evaluation forms before proceeding to the next room or office. In this proposed system, the target user will directly input his/her taints in a ready to use and simple interfaced forms of the proposed system and with this, they will no longer use pens and papers to evaluate their teachers and as well as the teachers to their own and co-teachers. The system also assures that only the in charged HARM officer has the access and authority to view all the datas gathered to keep its confidentiality and secrecy through a given surname and password. Techniques Used to Solve the Problem The techniques that we used in order for us to solve the problems are the following: Analyze the system operations of the given problem for us to understand he cause and effect of the problem, and the possible solutions. System Analysis and Design Proposal Essay Example System Analysis and Design Proposal Essay The University of Southern Mindanao, Cabana, North Catboat is one of the leading institution that conducts regular faculty performance evaluation. This activity is done every semester wherein each student has to rate his teacher per subject, head of the academic office has to rate his subordinates, and faculty itself has to rate his own and his co-faculty. Teachers are one of the backbones of an institution. Their effort, skills and perseverance aid on molding the students to become successful in their desired field. Some people will conclude that if a student will excel in his field, ill graduate with flying colors and will successfully pass the nationwide or international exam, one factor that influences it is the teacher. Thus, some said that it is still depend on the students ability and determination. Teachers performances are sometimes criticized not only by the co-teachers, but by the students as well, because they are the direct contact of the teachers. However, those Judgments cannot be considered true without proper basis. We will write a custom essay sample on System Analysis and Design Proposal specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on System Analysis and Design Proposal specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on System Analysis and Design Proposal specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Thus, every academic institution nowadays conducted the faculty performance evaluation to assess the effectiveness of the teaching personnel. A manual teacher evaluation system is difficult and hard to automatically furnish accurate reports and results. The process takes a lot of time and it takes many days or months to compute for the result. The HARM officer and its staff which are the prime movers of this activity made a significant improvement in handling this type of problems. In this case, it will eliminate some of the most delay operation and difficult task, minimizing them in to smaller and manageable problems to solve. The HARM has greatly improved work efficiency, accuracy and management of operations. Teacher evaluation system defines a system to support high and technological automated evaluation system. It provides feedbacks and a support system that will encourage teachers to improve their knowledge and instructional skills in order to improve student learning. SCOPE The said entity is not as ambitious as it is. It will mainly focus on the teachers personal information, students objective feedback about the teachers performance and effectiveness and assessment. This activity is done every semester wherein each student has to rate their teacher itself has to rate his own and his co-faculty. The said activity also involves the following processes: manipulation of the gathered data, interpretation, evaluation and dissemination of the result to the faculties and instructors. ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT SYSTEM The manual process takes a lot of time and it takes many days or months to compute for the result. The student rater in this activity will be given sheets of paper and by the use of pen, selects one numerical scale that would serve as the grade of the rate per question. The HARM personnel will wait for the submission of all students in a retain classroom and will proceed to the next available students in a room. The scenario will be repeated to comply with the desired number of students raters. As to the head of academic office, he has to give to his subordinates the performance evaluation sheets for peer and for self. The said process shows how sluggish it was. The process is also prone to errors due to hectic schedules of the heads and faculty; they may neglect the forms that will cause the delay and misplaced or lost data that will lead to incorrect manipulation and miscommunication. PROBLEM CAUSE EFFECT ANALYSIS Problems Cause and Effect Time consumed on processing the evaluation The manual process on using a sheets of paper and by the use of pen cause a delay. Prone to errors Due to many numbers of evaluation sheets the tendency is miscommunication. Misplaced forms Due to sluggish process the tendency is some evaluation forms may be lost and misplaced. Delayed computation Due to hectic schedules of heads and faculty the result of computation may delay. System Objects System Constraint Lessen the time consumed on evaluation process The student will no longer using paper and pen, instead they will directly evaluate on the given automated evaluation system. Eradicate errors A user-friendly evaluation system will be implemented for the ease of students, heads, faculties and comfort ability of the system. File security Only the head of academic can access the files with a given surname and password. Generate comprehensive reports Reports are automatically generated from the system. Background Information Automated evaluation system is one big factor that helps not only students but also the HARM, teachers, and co-teachers to ease their waiting and sluggish period in arms of evaluation. Evaluation process with the use of pens and papers only is not an easy task for the HARM to handle. The scenario will be repeated as it goes. Manual evaluation system is a laborious task. It requires more time for processing and the mere fact that it is slow, affecting work efficiency; another thing would be its accuracy in processing while in the automated system, the officer in-charge will be the one to access the files using surnames and passwords. This process of manual results and reports. The researchers come up to an automated evaluation system. USER EXPECTATIONS OBJECTIVES This document aims to present a clearer description of the requirements and desires of the evaluation system. It shows the features, functionalities and flows and how the system will work. The proposed system will try to eliminate the delay operation and inconvenience of the old manual operation. It will try to lessen the time consumed in evaluation process wherein the HARM officers in charge will no longer wait for a long time for the submission of faculties and students evaluation forms before proceeding to the next room or office. In this proposed system, the target user will directly input his/her taints in a ready to use and simple interfaced forms of the proposed system and with this, they will no longer use pens and papers to evaluate their teachers and as well as the teachers to their own and co-teachers. The system also assures that only the in charged HARM officer has the access and authority to view all the datas gathered to keep its confidentiality and secrecy through a given surname and password. Techniques Used to Solve the Problem The techniques that we used in order for us to solve the problems are the following: Analyze the system operations of the given problem for us to understand he cause and effect of the problem, and the possible solutions.

The History of the Brassiere

The History of the Brassiere Free Online Research Papers Ask any woman what one of the most difficult pieces of clothing to get a good fit is, and she’ll tell you, a bra. In comparison to the first bras of the twentieth century, we have it a lot easier. The dramatic change in the shape, style and material of which undergarments have undergone is amazing! From rib-crushing bodices and corsets, to push-up strapless and whipped silicone, women through the century have seen it all. The beginning of what is now referred to as a bra, or a bust bodice prior to that, was first reported in Vogue Magazine in 1907. The term brassiere was the most widely used, as it meant support in French. Between about 1910 and 1914, designers were promoting a simple breast-retaining garment that was better for the simple, straight dress styles of the time. They were similar to the camisole tops we have currently, without much definition, and had no support. A woman named Mary Phelps-Jacobs soon replaced the simple brassiere of the time with her own design. She was frustrated by the fit of her corset, and fashioned a new style using two handkerchiefs and some ribbon. After all her friends asked for their own, she decided to patent her invention under the name Caresse Crosby. In 1915 Mary sold the rights to her bra to Warner, and a few years later the company was valued at over fifteen million. All the way up to the 1930’s not much changed in shape or style, only that the name was widely dropped from brassiere to bra. During the thirties a textile company, Dunlop, had chemists that transformed latex into a reliable elastic thread. This thread was made into yarn, and then knitted into a stretchy fabric. As the thirties moved on with elastic fabrics, so sprung most of the well-known names in lingerie. This is also when companies were manufacturing bras with separate cups using lace and net for the first time. In 1935 Warner’s introduced cup sizing, with four sizes, A, B, C and D, and bosoms were abolished as the two separate breasts were acknowledged. During the depression and wartime era, everything that could be utilitarian was, including the bra, which meant that they were made from minimal fabric and were usually ordered, not made in advance. It was common to see a marked tag specifying it as a utilitarian brassiere. This continued up through the 1950’s, when it became popular for women to make their own bras from paper patterns, using parachute silk and old wedding dresses. As the United States entered the late 50’s, glamour was the new fad, as women watched movie stars wearing trendy clothes after being deprived during the war. The sixties is one of the more memorable decades for the bra, as it was the bra-burning era. As new sheer, light fashion was introduced, some companies proposed the idea of not wearing a bra at all. Somehow, this was twisted into a feminist move; take off the bra and be free. Though some women chose to do this, the majority of women did not abandon their bra, but did start to realize it was not required to sleep in a bra to keep breasts supported. As bras moved into the 70’s, many had a fine layer of foam latex rubber attatched to the fabric that gave the appearance of a firm, pointy shape. This design was combined with a slip, and commonly called the bra slip, because it was nothing more than a bra and slip combined into one undergarment. These were great for the new short, skimpy dresses of the time. The other major bras of the time were seamless, essential to wear under t-shirts to give a no-bra natural look. Manufacturers were also become more exploratory, offeri ng patterned and flesh-colored options. As the decade came to an end, and the 80’s began, sequin and Day-glo â€Å"boob tubes† became the popular craze after the disco scene. These were brightly colored simple, stretchy and strapless; perfect for tube tops. This was a short fad, and soon gave way to the bodysuits, teddies and camisoles of the mid-80’s. The teddie/bra combination became popular, especially for the now body-conscious women, because it lifted and supported, but was also comfortable and flattering for the explosion of surgically enhanced breasts. The 1990’s brought interest to the bra; it was the return of cleavage. As actresses and movie stars became bolder, so did the popularity of the severely cone-shaped breasts made popular by Madonna. It was a combination of several decades’ designs, and though not comfortable, it was definitely trendy. This was also the birth time of the Miracle Bra, one that could transform any smaller-sized woman into a busty goddess. These were heavily padded, and designed to lift and bring the bosom together. On the opposite end of the spectrum, was a company called Bioform Bra. These bras were suited for all sizes, but for the first time cup sizes up to G were included. These became, and still are, very popular because of the comfort and reshaping abilities of the new bra for large breasted women. The trends have changed some since the 90’s, but most styles seem to be very similar to those today. With the addition of breast enhancement by ‘whipped silicone’, and braless bras, our undergarment options have not changed too much since the middle of the last decade. Though the changes seem dramatic and ever changing, when the bra is examined over a hundred-year period the idea has remained the same. Two cups, a couple straps and support is all a bra really is. As trends come and go, so will the different shapes and styles of women’s undergarments, but whether it be handkerchiefs and ribbon, or lycra and silicone we will probably always see the existence and transformation of bras. Mothers of Invention, Ethlie Ann Vare and Greg Ptacek William Morrow and Company, INC. New York, copyright 1988 Inventing Beauty, Teresa Riordan Broadway Books New York, copyright 2004 Fashion For Era, Pauline Weston Thomas Casche Publishing New York, copyright 1997 Research Papers on The History of the BrassiereMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyHip-Hop is ArtMind TravelQuebec and CanadaAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Where Wild and West MeetComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoDefinition of Export Quotas

Coco Chanel Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Coco Chanel - Research Paper Example Coco Chanel was a pioneering style maven who was born in the 1890s, and was apparently orphaned at a young age. The movie Coco Avant Chanel begins with young Gabrielle arriving at the orphanage, although it was later made clear that Coco was not actually an orphan, but that her father left the family when she was young and never returned. (Coco Avant Chanel, 2009). Perhaps it was this unusual early childhood that inspired Chanel’s iconoclastic personal style that was so completely different from the prevailing style at the turn of the century. It probably was also a basis for Chanel’s strong sense of independence, and her ability to make her fortune in a male-dominated society. Chanel was different from all other women during this time, for she not only was not satisfied with the lot bestowed upon women, but she also did not dress the part. This was a period of time when society women were in invariably in corsets, high boots and large hats with feathers. In contrast, Chanel opted for comfort, simplicity and clean lines. While other women wore corsets and frilly dresses, Chanel dressed in menswear, simple dresses with no corsets, low-heeled shoes and unadorned hats. (Coco Avant Chanel, 2009) Chanel saw that the fashion of the day was not comfortable for women, nor practical. At first, it seemed as if Chanel simply rebelled against the societal restrictions, in that she chose to wear men’s wear and comfortable clothes, while the rest of the women went about their day in fashions that were no doubt impossibly hot and uncomfortable. She did not necessarily aim to change societal fashion. She just did not go along with it. She was her own person in a so ciety where individualism was not necessarily admired. While it might not have been her aim to change society, this is exactly what she did, with the guidance, encouragement and financial

Consensual Relationship Agreements Case Study Research Paper

Consensual Relationship Agreements Case Study - Research Paper Example The consensual relationship agreement (CRA) involves the two individuals acknowledging that their relationship is voluntary and promising to behave professionally while at the place of work. They also agree to behave ethically, therefore not offending other employees with their behavior; favoritism between them is discouraged. Moreover, the involved parties at the workplace are required to sign the consensual relationship agreement and abide to its rules and regulations. However, workplace romance can at times compromise the employees’ concentration, especially when the two lovebirds work in the same place. According to Amaral (2006, p.1), the mixture of genders in the places of work and time spent together creates room for growth of romantic feelings towards the employees, which yields to significant consequences. Most managers are sued by their employees for sexual harassment and failed relationships. Therefore, CRA works as a savoir for employers in such situations. In addition, a relationship that has the potential of yielding to a lawsuit is not worth it; therefore, CRAs creates a balance between individual interests. According to Amaral (2006, p.1), office romance has serious repercussions such as low productivity, as other employees believe that the boss is favoring his partner who is an employee. Therefore, in my future workplace, I would recommend the use of consensual relationship agreements, as their rules oppose favoritism and encourage professionalism. Upon signing this agreement, the involved parties are expected to comply with the rules and regulations of the CRAs. Consensual relationship agreements also reduce legal issues associated with sexual harassment. Upon signing a consensual relationship agreement, the parties attest that they are in the relationship voluntarily, and therefore, sexual harassment is out of question. In addition, CRA ensures that a relationship ends amicably,

Analysing the communication process in McDonalds

Analysing the communication process in McDonalds I have made a document and analyze the communication process in one of the worlds successful and largest fast food chain, towards the achievement of business goal. I have chosen the organization is McDonalds situated in Manurewa. Primary data was collected by interviewing the Branch Manager, he is my relative. After the primary research, all the relevant findings were analyzed and evaluated based on the communication theories learned from secondary sources through our textbook, lecturer handouts, online resources and the organizations information resources. The research draws attention to the importance of these findings on how effective, efficient, accurate and up-to-date these communication processes that shoe great impact on the three levels of communication in the main team namely: Team Communication Interpersonal Communication Organization Communication Findings showed some communication barriers on each level that hinder the affectivity and efficiency of the communication processes towards the achievement of their Team goals affecting the organizational goals is well. Though some of the problems were being acted upon promptly, some were not; therefore, I came up with some suggestions that may be helpful to the subject organization towards the achievement of their business goals. 1. Introduction McDonalds is the one of the leading restaurant chains in the world, touching the lives of people every day. They improved their quality of products and services with the time. In the past McDonalds does not have drive through and 24 hour services. All of them are open for late nights. McDonalds primarily sells hamburgers, cheese burgers, chicken products, French fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milk shakes, and deserts. 2. Interpersonal communication Interpersonal communication is communication between two people. Some books like to refer to it as face-to-face communication, or communication when people are physically present with each other. In the interpersonal communication, we research on communication between the manager and staff members and also research the communication between customers and staff. 2.1 Communication between managers and staff members When we research on McDonalds, it was found that all the restaurant employees are from different countries with different backgrounds. Employees are well educated and experienced. However, there are some drawbacks in the communication between managers and the staff members. This drawback is a language barrier. Because most of the employees have come from different countries, they speak different languages from each other. The meetings conducted at McDonalds involve managers and employees communicating to find out the problems being faced at the department. 2.2 Communication between staff members and customers In this McDonald, mostly women are in the front and attend the new customers. The woman who is attending customer is very friendly and has good communication. All staff members are trained well before to communicate effectively. To communicate well, it is necessary to talk politely and use gestures to convey meaning. The crew members give customer satisfaction through good customer service 2.3 Communication barriers There are some barriers in communication between employees and the manager:- ROLES: Roles are always defined in relationship to someone else and they determine the way you communicate with the other person. In any organisation, information flow depends on good relations of employees. Sometimes employees hide mistakes from manager because of personal relationship then it becomes a barrier in information flow. STATUS: Status become a barrier in motivation .Some of employees doesnt talk with other because of their status. New employees try to avoid communicate with the manager because of his status. POWER: Power becomes barrier in motivation and control. An organisation uses communication to motivate the employees. When we communicate, there is often some element of power or control being exercised by one person or the other, or by both. If power is too much used then the communication is frustrating. MIXED MESSAGES: It becomes a barrier in communication when non verbal communication not matches with verbal message. 3 Organisation communication In the interview with the manager we asked some general questions about the Mc Donald have to gain some knowledge about the Organisation with in the Mc Donalds. Organisation communication is divided into two major parts which is as follow:- †¢ Internal organisation communication †¢ External organisation communication 3.1 Internal organisation communication:- 3.1.1. Organisation goals:- Basic goal of McDonalds on the basis of yearly and they mainly consider about the customer service. It also includes the waste of the McDonalds. They also want to give the customer fast service they want to decrease their waste as much they can so. The few goals of McDonalds are as follows †¢ CSO (Customer satisfaction objective)-100 %( McDonalds main goal is to give customer full satisfaction) †¢ KVS (kitchen video system)-35% this is the time taken to make burgers and other fast food products in the kitchen area after every order and its normally 35 seconds. †¢ Labor-26% McDonalds want to save the labour up to 26% as they had given last year. †¢ Refunds- below 0.10 %( company wants to give less refund to the customer to earn more profit 3.1.2. Information flow within the organisation- In the organisation information flows from higher level to lower level as every information for instance a launch of new product or changing of rules firstly comes to restaurant manager and after that he pass on the information to the middle level manager or we can call them as shift manager and the shift manager pass on the information to the crew members by a team meeting or putting the information on the crew room so that everybody can read that information. And especially when a new product is launching They create a group training team and they trained them how to make new product and Kinds of precautions they have to consider while making those particular product 3.1.3. Organisation culture within the organisation:- In this organisation employees are from different communities. And mainly in this organisation islanders and Indians are working with very few of kiwi staff. The restaurant manager is kiwi and almost all the other middle level managers are islanders and including one manager belongs to china. And in this organisation everybody works without any racism and they are very comfortable with each other. The organisation climate of the McDonalds is very good because everybody communicates in professional way and they can understand each other way of communication very well. 3.2 External organisation communication:- 3.2.1 Dealing with customers:- This is the continuous part of the communication in the McDonalds and which is to be used 24 hours to serve the customer. And it is used to handle the problems of customers as well. In the McDonalds there is a specific pattern to deal with the customers which is described by the manager of McDonalds. In this part of communication is used to deal with every customer and this pattern is written is also written in every order taking register and this pattern is divided into part and those are as follows:- 1) First smile and greet to customer. 2) Take the order correctly by repeating the order to the customer 3) At last say enjoy your meal and good bye. 3.2.2. Communication with stakeholders:- In this organisation mainly restaurant manager and senior assistant manager communicate with the stakeholders and the organisation like McDonalds plays a vital role in communication with the stakeholders because they have to always to be ready to give the customer a better service and not to get a stock out of anything which is used within the organisation. 3.3 Communication barrier in organisation communication- 3.3.1 Barrier in internal organisation- Within the organisation there is communication barrier when in busy time of restaurant if crew and manager do not communicate with each other they cannot give better service to the customers and sometime it happens in heaps of busy time because everybody is busy in doing their task as faster as they can. So to get rid of it managers take the help of the other crew and manager which is available at that time to do a proper communication within the staff. 3.3.2. Barrier in external organisation- There is barrier which is occurs by the customers and stakeholders mainly because of there is sometime misunderstanding 3.3.2.1 Linguistic barrier- Along with this there is some linguistic barrier in the communication. as some of the employees which are from other countries they cannot speak as much good English to communicate and sometime it become barrier in communication in the organisation. 4 Team Communication 4.1. Team Goals Team goals are very simple make a plan and then follow it. In McDonalds teams are trained well to follow the pattern. Leader of the team asks the team to execute a plan and the whole team follows the plan. 4.2.Team Roles In a team each member has a role to fulfill the needs of the team. In McDonalds there is a branch manager, team leader or shift manager. Now there are three counters to serve the customers. On counter 1 there are three members working, on counter 2 there are two members and team leader working and on counter 3 again three members are working. Now cleaning team is there to do the cleanings and also to help the members of the team if anyone requires help and it consists of two members. So the information flow is from the both sides that are downward to upward and also upward to downward. Branch Manager Team Leader Counter Team 1 Counter Team 2 Counter Team 3 Cleaning Team 4.3.Branch Manager Now role of the branch manager is to give the order to the team leader and then team leader will give that order to the team and if there is any kind of problem to the member of the team he or she will let the team leader know and the team leader will let the manager know. So this way the information flows in a team that is both upward and downward. 4.4.Team Member The role of the team member is to contribute towards the goal of the organization. They just need to follow the orders and if they have any suggestions they can give it in the meetings organized by the team leader or by the head manager. 5.CONCLUSIONS 5.1. Interpersonal communication 5.1.1. Communication between manager and staff members According to the findings, we came up with the conclusion that due to the different background and culture of the stay members and managers, language becomes a barrier as far as communication is concerned. Because most employees are from different culture and they are new in this work might hesitate to talk to the manager about their problems. In the meetings, employees are always asked by the managers are they satisfied with their jobs and with the environment of Mc Donalds, which will ultimately motivate them to satisfy the needs of their customers as well. Indian and Chinese staff member hesitates a lot because English is not there first language. 5.1.1.1. Language barrier: Language becomes a barrier between manager and staff members because of employees are from different countries and hesitate when communicate with manager. 5.1.2. Communication between customers and staff members We find that the level of satisfaction depends on the quality of service a customer receives. In this restaurant, both men and women deal with the customers because they are trained well before they join the staff. While dealing with different customers of different background they have to communicate accurately to satisfy the customers needs. In this family restaurant every staff member communicates well with the customers to fulfil the customers needs. They speak well in English. 5.2. Organisation communication After going through all the aspects of McDonalds organisation communication we come to conclusion that both the internal and external communication of McDonalds is very necessary to run the business and earn profit. Without the proper communication, organisation cannot achieve the goals. In the McDonalds Manurewa, the staff got good communication skills and they are doing well in their business by communicating very well professionally in internal organisation as well as external organisation. 5.3 Internal organisation communication- In nutshell the McDonalds main aim is to earn profit and give the customer better service and for that they are achieving their aim by targeting this point of view. McDonalds Manurewa is very multicultural organisation so the employees enjoy each other occasion very happily. And along with this all the important information in this organisation flows from top to bottom level. 5.4 External organisation communication- In McDonalds external communication is mainly with the customers and stakeholders. And this communication is done by both the crew and managers .The dealing with customers is done by both the managers and crew but the communication with the stakeholders mainly done by managers of McDonalds. And on other side a better communication skills in the staff leads to profit of the organisation as if they can communicate well to the customers and as well as in the organisation they can achieve their goals easily. Now in McDonalds different ages, cultures and nationalities are working there together. So everybody is looking to give his idea which is good that shows there commitment towards the work but they all have different thinkings. So problems occurs in between the crew members just because they think that there idea is good but still not followed by the other members or by the group. 6. RECOMMENDATIONS 6.1. Interpersonal communication 6.1.1. Communication between customers and staff members Communication between staff member and customers is main part there. In this restaurant mostly women attend the customers. The staff is well trained and experienced. If the staff members are happy with their work environment, they can serve the customers better. Managers should also encourage members to deal with the customers to avoid any gender bias. 6.1.2 Create a positive climate The communication become better by creating a positive climate (Joan, 2001).The employees try to understand the roles of communication and working for win-win outcomes. They also enhance their communication by self disclosure. The employees should try to understand needs of the customers. Therefore, McDonalds good customer service is generated through employee satisfaction and a healthy work environment. Employees also try to learn more from old employees. 6.1.3. Communication between managers and staff members Communication between managers and staff members can be better if the meetings are held at least once a week in the organization. The managers should ask the staff members questions about their culture and background to get to know them better and to understand their behaviour, so their work environment could be set up according to their preference and comfort. Managers should also try to talk to the staff members as much as possible. 6.1.4. Making contacts Manager and employees try to make contacts with each other. We all need to be treated with respect and inclusion. These are basic human needs. Manager tries to give help to new employees who do not know about the work plan of the McDonald. New employees should make contacts with the experienced employees. Manager can help the employees who are best in communication but hesitate when they are speaking. 6.2. Organisation communication Organisation communication is vast area where everyone has to be including to targeting the aim and achieving that aim. In the organisation communication the important aspect is the organisation goals and the goals can only be achieved if the staff understand it and communicate about the goal by each other. In the organisation every individual employee has to contribute to the main organisation goal. Manger should do proper meeting with crew members to overcome communication gap in the organisation. They must take opinions of crew before implementing a new rule in the organisation so they can work as a team all the crew members must speak English with each other apart from any other languages. 6.2.1 Team communication 6.2.1.1 Conflict in Group If groups are to function well, there needs to be some conflict, because the value of group is that they bring people with diverse skills and ideas together. There, conflict is inevitable and necessary. If there is too much conflict, a group will cease to function, whereas too little conflict can lead to groupthink. Now in McDonalds a team needs to have a proper conflict shows in the diagram. If they discuss more than there is a problem and if they discuss less than there is a problem. If the team performance is not good enough then there will be a problem in Synergy. So they need to have proper to the point discussions rather than too short and to bigger meetings or discussions. 6.2.1.2 Group Dynamics Communication in a group is infinitely more complex than communication between two people. See Figure below. When two people communicate, there are two possible interactions. A B B A Now in McDonalds teams split in to four parts that is counter 1, counter 2, counter 3 and the cleaning team. On the bases of counter one there are three members that is A, B and C. Now A talks with B and B talks with C but there is no communication between A and C. If C does not talk with A then there is no interaction between team member A and C. They need to interact with each other to maintain a proper communication inside a group. If they interact with each they will automatically follow the group dynamics and the outcome will be good or improved.

Hamlet’s Sanity Answered Through Freudian Theories Essay

Sigmund Freud was the founder of modern psychology. and throughout his life he produced theories about the human mind that were revolutionary for his time. His thoughts about human sexuality, the conscious and subconscious mind, the structure of the mind, and psychotherapeutic techniques are the basis of human psychology. (Thornton) Freudian theories about human behaviour and the human mind are commonly used in psychology today. His theories, in one way or another, can apply to every person living or dead. Although Sigmund Freud lived centuries after William Shakespeare wrote his play Hamlet, Freudian theories can also be applied to the main character Hamlet and explain his sometime erratic behaviour. Through his theories of the Oedipal Complex, transference psychology, and the defence mechanisms, Hamlet’s behaviour can be better understood, and therefore help answer the question of his sanity. According to Freud, men and boys go through what he calls the Oedipal Complex, the theory stating that they subconsciously have sexual feelings for their mothers. (â€Å"Oedipus Complex (psychology)†)According to this theory, these feelings grow from the strong connection that children already have with their mothers from infancy. Mothers provide protection, love, and support that makes a young child automatically attached to them. (â€Å"Oedipus Complex†) When a child hits the age of sexual awakening, aged three to six, children will create an erotic attachment to the parent, generally, of the opposite sex. (â€Å"Oedipus Complex (psychology)†) Although the feelings are not fully recognized by the child they are present in their subconscious mind. (â€Å"Oedipus Complex†) Once this attachment is developed, a young boy will feel like they are competing for the affection of their mothers with their fathers. Boys may become jealous of any affection given to their fathers and may lead to them wanting to exclude their fathers so that all attention is on them. Once they hit puberty, the boy will learn to change the way he loves his mother to be less romantic, and not be as concerned with the competition with his father. However, through this transition, a boy will find that anyone he feels sexually attracted to, may remind him of his mother. (â€Å"Oedipus Complex†) Also, for some boys the relationship they have with their mother is the first close female relationship they have. Any  female relationships boys have, sexual and otherwise, will always be compared to the relationship that they have with their mother. (â€Å"Oedipus Complex (psychology)†) The Oedipus Complex has many parallels to Hamlet because of Hamlet’s relationship with his mother Gertrude. Hamlet’s father dies and Gertrude marries his uncle Claudius. Hamlet has a strange connection to their marriage and often talks about their sex life. â€Å"She married. O, most wicked speed, to post/With such dexterity to incestuous sheets!† (Shakespeare I.ii.156-7). Hamlet begins to struggle with the thought of his mother having sex with another man, and goes back to his competition for affection because of his feelings. According to Freud’s theory, by losing his father, Hamlet feels he should no longer have to compete for Gertrude’s affection because his only other competition is now dead. Claudius ruins this by marrying his mother and Hamlet, has to start the whole competition over again. This leads Hamlet back to a sexual awakening, this time with a much more disturbing, more complex version. This new sexual awakening heightens Hamlet’s affection for his mother to real romantic feelings. This also leads Hamlet back into jealousy of the other parent. Hamlet becomes jealous of the fact that Claudius gets to be with Gertrude because it is a desire that he will never be able fulfill. Hamlet tries to make Claudius look bad in front of Denmark because when addressed Hamlet only answers with â€Å"A little more kin and less than kind† (I.ii.64). Hamlet takes his jealousy and sarcastically answers showing his feelings towards both Claudius, and Claudius’ marriage to his mother. His passive aggressive attitudes towards Claudius show that he feels threatened and jealous of him and therefore representing the Oedipal Complex against his stepfather. His relationship with Ophelia also shows an Oedipal Complex because the relationship he has with his mother changes how he feels about Ophelia. As said previously, Hamlet does not approve of his mother’s marriage and often thinks of her marriage as being â€Å"incestuous† (I.ii.157). During the third act, Hamlet verbally attacks Ophelia because he sees similarities between her and Gertrude. Hamlet has lost Gertrude’s main attention and affection and therefore feels betrayed by his mother. He thinks that his mother is  deceptive and that she is betraying his father. He sees these same qualities in Ophelia and yells at her â€Å"God has given you one face and you make yourself another† (III.i.148). Even though Ophelia is not being deceiving he connects her to Gertrude just because she is female. This parallel the Oedipus Complex because the relationship with his mother affected his relationship with Ophelia. His connection with women will never be strong because of the respect he lost for his mother when she married Claudius. Freud’s transference psychology theory can also be applied to Hamlet and help better comprehend his mind. The transference psychology theory says that your unconscious mind will redirect feelings for one person subconsciously to the next. Freud thought that this transfer of feelings was an â€Å"important part of psychotherapeutic work† (Vollmer). The redirection of feelings also occurs through the loss of a vital person in one’s life, such as a parent, sibling, or other role model. By losing one of these, the mind attaches these feelings onto another. Parental transference is when father or father-figure feelings are transferred onto a person. Fathers are meant to be authoritative, wise, powerful, and protective. By projecting father feelings onto a person, the expectation is that they will provide this comfort. (â€Å"Transference†) Hamlet’s relationship with Claudius represents this theory because after the death of Hamlet Sr., Hamlet subconsciously places his fatherly feelings on Claudius. This has a negative affect because of his conscious hatred for Claudius and the way he acts towards him. â€Å"How is it that the clouds still hang on you?† is fatherly comforting that Claudius tries because he knows that he is now a father figure to him (I.ii.65). He knows that Hamlet is lacking this role and tries to step into the role for him but fails. Hamlet refuses to acknowledge Claudius as his father and only acknowledges Gertrude as a parental role, â€Å"Ay, madam, it is common† (I.ii.73). He can’t accept Claudius as his father and therefore only chooses to use his maternal role model instead. This leads to negative transference because he begins to lose the paternal role that is essential in his life. Hamlet also has a negative transference because fathers are always meant to make you feel safe. Hamlet is unable to feel safe because his father, Hamlet Sr., was a much better  protector in Hamlet’s eyes. He compares Claudius to his father and can not understand how Gertrude can be in love with them both: Where every god did seem to set his seal To give the world assurance of a man: This was your husband. Look you now, what follows: Here is your husband, like a mildewed ear, Blasting his wholesome brother. Have you eyes? (III.iv.69-73) The fact the Gertrude could be in love with a man as great as Hamlet Sr. and then move onto a failure like Claudius is a complete mystery to Hamlet. The transference of feeling will never be able to be positive for Hamlet because he has no faith, trust, or respect for Claudius. Even though transference is a part of the subconscious mind, Hamlet’s conscious mind will not allow these subconscious feelings to come to the surface. Freud developed theories with his daughter Anna as well, and together they created the defense mechanisms humans go through to protect themselves from anxiety and stress. (McLeod) Your mind can go into these defenses to protect itself from too much grief, or anxiety and through the different stages of defense your body will behave in different ways. The mind will do this to ward off any feelings that are unpleasant to deal with. They are called defense mechanisms because they are methods that the brain goes through to protect itself from anything unpleasant. One of the earliest stages of defense is displacement, which means placing feelings on someone who the issue has nothing to do with. An example can be, having a bad day at work and taking out anger on family and friends at home. Often this results in anger against the innocent person and may go farther than expected. Another form of defense is repression which occurs when bad memories are blocked from the mind to forget about bad memories. Children often do this if they grow up in abusive homes and may lead to them remembering nothing from their childhood. One of the final stages of defense is regression, which often helps a person get over the grief that they are facing. Regression is when a person goes back to child-like behavior to mask their true feelings and what they are thinking. This can lead to middle-aged men behaving like toddlers just to hide their feelings and protect themselves against more painful or  stressful thoughts. (McLeod) Throughout the play Hamlet goes through these stages to protect himself against dealing with the recent death of his father. Hamlet is told that his grief over his father’s death has been â€Å"unmanly grief† meaning that he needs to be a man and get rid of the feelings he is having (I.ii.94). Hamlet can not simply get rid of the feelings of grief over the loss of his father so he goes through the defense mechanisms to mask his feelings. The first that happens is displacement, when he gets angry at Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. Hamlet is so angry with Claudius he insults his childhood friends and gets angry with them. â€Å"I am glad of it: a knavish speech sleeps in a foolish ear† is the intelligent sarcastic remark used on Rosencrantz and Guildenstern in which Hamlet calls them unintelligent (IV.ii.21-22). Although the king fools them into spying on Hamlet, they do not realize what they are doing and do it anyway. When Hamlet finds out that Claudius is behind it, however gets angry at his friends instead. Freud would look at this and realize that Hamlet is taking his anger out on them because he does not have the option or the time to get angry with Claudius. He displaces his anger on the wrong people, who are left confused and hurt. He also goes through repression because of his high expectations and ideas of his father. Hamlet Sr. never appears in the play and therefore only Hamlet’s view of him is known. Hamlet Sr. may have been an awful father and may have paid less attention to Hamlet than Claudius. Since this would be a horrible and painful way to remember him, Hamlet chooses to think of him on the same level as â€Å"Hyperion† or as â€Å"Mars† both are strong, powerful men who are looked up to in their society. It is much easier and less painful for Hamlet to remember his father this way (III.iv.64) (III.iv.65). The stage Hamlet is in at Ophelia’s funeral is regression because of his behavior and fight with Laertes. Laertes has just lost his father and sister within a short period of time and is overcome with grief. Hamlet finds out the news of Ophelia’s death and instead of respecting Laertes in a difficult time for him, Hamlet acts like a child and tries to make all of the attention on him. He makes a foolish argument that â€Å"he loved Ophelia: forty thousand brothers/Could not† (V.i.261). He resorts to a childish argument to hide his grief that he has now lost the love of his life Ophelia. Through Freud’s theories of the Oedipal Complex, transference psychology, and the defence mechanisms, Hamlet’s behaviour can be better understood, and therefore help answer the question of his sanity. Hamlet has not lost his sanity in the way he is perceived because Hamlet is simply behaving in the simple human psychological ways that Freud claimed to be normal. Hamlet’s relationship with his mother is just an extreme version of the Oedipal Complex; his hostility to Claudius was because he fails to fill the paternal role he needs, and the way he behaves towards others were simply his mind protecting him from anxiety and grief he felt after the loss of his father. Through the eyes of Freud, Hamlet’s behaviour would be just normal human behaviour.